Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Conscientious Objection to Military Service_EN
This publication brings together applicable international standards and jurisprudence relating to conscientious objection to military service.* It does not purport to set or establish standards. The publication also addresses the implementation of alternative service to military service for those States that have established programmes of this kind. As questions have often arisen as to how in practice States implement conscientious objection to military service and programmes relating to alternative service, this publication will give examples and highlight those practices that are exemplary. As conscientious objection to military service can, in certain circumstances, be recognized as a basis for refugee status under international refugee law, a chapter of this publication indicates the applicable standards
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